Rise or fall? Discovering the global world trade network rise and fall under major situations

This study aims to examine the impact of influential factors on the global trade network through long-term and short-term network analysis based on time slices. The long-term analysis examines the overall network characteristics, key players, and the most impactful events. In particular, the short-term analysis focuses on the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the global trade network, which was more disruptive than previous economic crises. The paper also delves into the structural changes brought about by significant events, including a comprehensive analysis of the global health crisis. The study covers the global trade network from 1995 to 2021 and comprehensively explains its evolution, especially during economic shocks and health panics. The findings show that the Covid-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the global trade network and that the state of the global economy and health are closely tied. © 2023 The Author(s)

Thermal Performance of the Heat Pipe and Thermoelectric Sterilization Face Mask

The spread of the coronavirus has been the focus the world's attention. The government has issued a new regulation on the coronavirus that obligates the entire community to always wear a face mask and implement social distancing to prevent the spread of viruses. These issues have been impacted by an increase in the use of face masks throughout the world and in Indonesia. Moreover, the World Health Organization (WHO) suggested using medical face masks. Furthermore, in the health care sector, the possible loading of pathogens in sub-micrometer sizes and properties such as splash resistance and the ability to prevent infection by reducing the concentration of inhaled particulates has created limitations on the types of face masks that can be used. Therefore it is necessary to design a face mask sterilizer device that can extend the life span of masks, thereby decreasing the masks consumption. An investigation on mask sterilizer devices based on heat pipes and thermoelectrics was conducted in this study. The objective of this study was to investigate the thermal performance of the mask sterilizer device. The method used was an experimental method using variations in the input voltage on the thermoelectric, namely 9 V, 10 V, and 11 V, and the microcontroller was also adjusted to control the temperature by 70 ℃, 80 ℃, and 90 ℃. The results showed that the thermoelectrics can generate heat with a temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side that can reach 80.11 ℃. In terms of voltage, the greater voltage that was given led to a greater resulting temperature of the sterilization device and reduced the amount of time to achieve the minimum sterilization temperature. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.